East Timor and Indonesia-related Books

This book tells the story of how East Timorese women activists mobilized against a patriarchal society and claimed their right to participate in their new independent and democratic nation.

Drawing on personal research and extensive interviews with women activists in East Timor, the authors explore the history and contribution of the East Timorese women's movement during and after the Indonesian occupation. They examine the growing influence of the women's movement as the country moved into independence, and analyze the key challenges facing East Timorese women in their ongoing quest for rights and greater political participation.

The book includes comparative chapters by expert guest authors on the lessons to be drawn from women's experiences in Cambodia, Mozambique and Namibia - countries which have also experienced the transition from an extended period of conflict to eventual independence.

Independent women dispels the myth that women working for women's advancement in East Timor are agents of a foreign or western agenda. It shows that the women of East Timor are women of courage who, on the long road to independence, have found the strength to stand up for their rights and play their part in the shaping of their country.

'Independent women is a profound testimony to the unique character of East Timorese women and to their resolve and courage in the long process of struggle for the liberation of their country and now their own liberation' - Olandina Caeiro

Further details from the book, including extracts and images, can be found at the Independent Women website at: http://www.independent-women.org/.

B61 Masters of Terror: Indonesia's Military and Violence in East Timor
Edited by Richard Tanter, Desmond Ball, and Gerry van Klinken
Foreword by Noam Chomsky

The terror campaign by pro-Indonesian armed groups before, during, and after East Timor's independence referendum in 1999 was a blatant challenge to the international community as many of the acts of murder, political intimidation, destruction, and mass deportation took place before the eyes of the world. Yet the ultimate responsibility has been denied and obscured. Masters of Terror provides an authoritative analysis and documentation of the brutal operations carried out by the Indonesian army and its East Timorese allies. The authors carefully assemble detailed accounts of the actions of the major Indonesian officers and East Timorese militia commanders accused of gross human rights violations. This indispensable work explores a horrific frontal attack on democracy and calls for the establishment of an international tribunal for crimes against humanity in East Timor.

Contents: * Introduction Hamish McDonald and Richard Tanter * Masters of Terror: The Indonesian Findings Hamish McDonald * Full Report of the Investigative Commission into Human Rights Violations in East Timor KPP HAM * The Key Suspects: An Introduction Gerry van Klinken, David Bourchier and Douglas Kammen * Crimes against Humanity in East Timor 1999:The Key Suspects Gerry van Klinken and David Bourchier * Practical Justice in Doe v. Lumintang: The Successful Useof Civil Remedies against "an Enemy of All Mankind" Richard Tanter * Silent Witness: Australian Intelligence and East Timor Desmond Ball

B65 Negligent Neighbour New Zealand's Complicity in the Invasion and Occupation of Timor-Leste
by Maire Leadbeater

For almost a quarter century the people of East Timor lived and died under Indonesia's colonial yoke. Against all the odds East Timor's resistance survived. Indonesia relied on western support for both the invasion and occupation of East Timor, but New Zealand's role is often forgotten or mentioned only in passing. Maire Leadbeater is spokesperson for the Auckland-based Indonesia Human Rights Committee, and in the 1990s she was a prominent campaigner for East Timor's independence. Prior to that she took a leading role in New Zealand's anti-nuclear movement. Her writing and lobbying is motivated by the conviction that New Zealand's foreign policy must change direction away from narrow 'self-interest' to principled advocacy for peace and justice.

Negligent Neighbour is a brilliant book that reminds us NZ foreign policy, like that of other Western capitalist nations, is too often on the side of the oppressor rather than the oppressed. -Cameron Walker, Scoop

Maire Leadbeater's "personal recollections and experiences in the East Timor solidarity movement add considerable strength and authenticity to her chronicle, which also draws on declassified official documents, historical research and interviews with key players.... Leadbeater notes how she was shocked to find that ‘almost every new batch of documents revealed new examples of the high-level subterfuge officials relied on as they plotted to help Indonesia deflect international criticism’." - Paul Barber, Tapol

Materials from Timor-Leste's Commission on Reception, Truth and Reconciliation (CAVR)

B68 Introducing...Chega! The Report of Commission on Reception, Truth and Reconciliation (CAVR)
CAVR, 16 pp. $5

B69 Executive Summary of Chega! The Report of Commission on Reception, Truth and Reconciliation (CAVR) CAVR, 215 pp. $15

B70 Timor-Leste Women and the Conflict - National Public Hearing April 28-29, 2003 CAVR, 64 pp. $8

B71 Timor-Leste Massacres - National Public Hearing, November 19 -21, 2003 CAVR, 64 pp. $8

B72 Timor-Leste Massacres - National Public Hearing July 28-29, 2003 CAVR, 64 pp. $8

B62 New Nation: United Nations Peace-Building in East Timor
by Geoff C. Gunn and Reyko Huang

Co-author Geoff Gunn holds New Nation: UN Peace-Building in E Timor

Comprehensive study of UN peacebuilding in East Timor from May 1999 to the end of the UNMISET mission in May 2005. The authors bring a multidisciplinary approach to the subject.

Geoffrey Gunn is Professor of International Relations, Faculty of Economics, Nagasaki University. Reyko Huang is a doctoral student in political science at Columbia University.

A fine study, based upon personal involvement with East Timor, Gunn and Huang give the best account available of the political, linguistic and anthropological differences with which the United Nations wrestled in their attempt to create an independent nation and which are still major factors in Timor-Leste today. -- James Cotton, Professor of Politics, University of New South Wales.

B63 Complicity in Genocide: Report to the East Timor "Truth Commission" on International Actors
by Geoff C. Gunn

Originally commissioned by East Timor's Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation (CAVR). This report focuses on the role of international actors in East Timor's tragedy. Chapters focus on the UN, international diplomacy, weapons supply, the media, church and international solidarity.

Learn to Speak Tetun (click here for Tetun learning tapes and books)

B57 Last Flight Out of Dili
Memoirs of an Accidental Activist in the Triumph of East Timor
by David Scott

David Scott’s remarkable story of East Timor’s rise from ‘hopeless cause’ to freedom, giving us a unique insight into the people and events that have shaped East Timor’s recent turbulent history.

Australian humanitarian aid leader David Scott was in Dili on 28 November, 1975 at the swearing in of the cabinet of the Democratic Republic of East Timor. Next day he was ordered to leave by the Australian Government who were aware of the impending large-scale Indonesian invasion.

Australia’s role in these terrible events is critically documented. He uses personal correspondence with José Ramos-Horta to give immediacy to the story. His use of recently released Australian Government documents adds to the intrigue of these dramatic events.

‘Last Flight out of Dili ’ is also an account of the hardship, loneliness and dangers that the young José Ramos Horta experienced in his remarkable commitment to keeping East Timor on the United Nations’ agenda for 24 years.

This book is an indictment of the actions of successive Australian governments who abandoned East Timor to years of repression, destruction and mass killings.

Why did successive Australian Governments betray the people of East Timor by supporting the Indonesian occupation? And how was it that ordinary Australian people including non government organizations continued through the long years to support the struggle for independence? David Scott answers these questions so that future generations of East Timorese and Australians will know what really happened and why.

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Exile and Return Among the East Timorese by Amanda Wise

East Timor, the world's newest nation, finally gained its independence in 2002, following half a millennium of Portuguese rule and 24 years of Indonesian occupation. That occupation produced a refugee diaspora spread between Portugal and Australia that has been integral in advancing East Timor's cause abroad. Because East Timorese in the diaspora identified strongly as exiles and invested so much in pursuing East Timor's independence, the homeland's liberation has complicated the very basis on which many have "imagined" themselves since fleeing to Australia.

Drawing on innovative ethnographic research, Exile and Return Among the East Timorese explores questions of shifting identity and home, trauma and embodiment, belonging and return among the East Timorese abroad at this critical juncture in their lives. The book asks what forms of cultural identity emerge among politically active refugee diasporas, what happens to such groups when the dream of homeland is fulfilled, and how they renegotiate a sense of home after exile.

The lived experience of Timorese in Australia and former refugees who have returned to East Timor is brought to life through their eloquent and often moving firsthand narratives, which the author has used liberally throughout the book, vividly presenting them alongside images and analysis of their role in the political struggle.

Amanda Wise is Research Fellow at the Centre for Research on Social Inclusion at Macquarie University in Australia.

A songbook/CD set with scores for four part choir, words, translations and background information for eighteen songs of significance and beauty from Oceania.

There are songs of the East Timorese struggle for self determination since 1973 (including the national anthem), Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander songs, and songs from the Pacific.

Not So Distant Horror: Mass Violence in East Timor by Joseph Nevins

On August 30, 1999, in a United Nations–sponsored ballot, East Timor voted for independence from Indonesia and for an end to a brutal military occupation. Upon the announcement of the result, Indonesian troops and their paramilitary proxies launched a wave of terror that, over three weeks, resulted in the murder of more than 1,000 people, the rape of untold numbers of women and girls, the razing of 70 percent of the country’s buildings and infrastructure, and the forcible deportation of 250,000 people. In recounting these horrible acts and the preceding events, Joseph Nevins shows that what took place was only the final scene in more than two decades of atrocities. More than 200,000 people, about a third of the population, lost their lives due to Indonesia’s 1975 invasion and subsequent occupation, making the East Timorese case proportionately one of the worst episodes of genocide since World War II.

In A Not-So-Distant Horror, Nevins reveals the international complicity at the center of the East Timor tragedy. In his view, much if not all of the horror that plagued East Timor in 1999 and in the 24 preceding years could have been avoided had countries like Australia, Japan, the United Kingdom, and especially the United States, not provided Indonesia with valuable political, economic, and military assistance, as well as diplomatic cover. The author explores issues of accountability for East Timor’s plight and probes the meaning of what took place in terms of international institutions and law. Examining issues such as violence, the geography of memory, and social power, Nevins makes clear that the case of East Timor has much to tell us about the contemporary world order.

“Joseph Nevins’s book is a magnificent memorial to the people of East Timor and a damning indictment of international powers, like the United States, that armed, trained, and financed the Indonesian army’s quarter-century reign of terror. Nevins eloquently moves from the horrifying reality of the slaughter on the ground to the international political elite who allowed it to happen, and go unpunished. A Not-So-Distant Horror goes beyond Timor because the bravery and endurance of the people of East Timor are a lesson to us all.” —Amy Goodman, Host and Executive Producer, Democracy Now!

“Joseph Nevins has performed a great service with this book. Among all the massacres that lead politicians to solemnly promise ‘never again’—the Armenian genocide, the Holocaust, Rwanda—the ruthless Indonesian rule and mass murder that took place in East Timor is almost always ignored. Nevins carefully and vividly places this tragic chain of events on the record, and shows how much of the responsibility for these deaths rests squarely on the United States and its allies.”—Adam Hochschild

“The struggle of the people of East Timor for survival, against incredible odds, is a truly inspiring achievement, one of the most astonishing of recent history. This remarkable book combines depth of knowledge and compassionate understanding, with intimate familiarity from the ground to the historical-documentary record, and the broader geopolitical and cultural-moral context. Joseph Nevins accurately describes the horrors as ‘not-so-distant.’ That is a painfully accurate assessment....”—Noam Chomsky

Joseph Nevins teaches in the Department of Geology and Geography, Vassar College. He is the author of Operation Gatekeeper: The Rise of the “Illegal Alien” and the Making of the U.S.-Mexico Boundary. He is a co-founder of the East Timor Action Network. Under the pen name Matthew Jardine, he is the author of East Timor: Genocide in Paradise and the coauthor of East Timor’s Unfinished Struggle: Inside the Timorese Resistance

B52 Reluctant Saviour: Australia, Indonesia and the Independence of East Timor
by Clinton Fernandes

The decision ‘to liberate the people of East Timor, to take a stand on behalf of a small fledgling nation that cried out for help’ was trumpeted recently by Australia's John Howard as one of his governments proudest achievements. But what precisely was Australia’s role in the independence of East Timor?

Over the years, successive Australian governments had worked to preserve Indonesian sovereignty over the territory and so it was surprising when in September 1999, the Howard government took the lead in assembling a multinational peacekeeping force to guarantee East Timor’s independence. Reluctant Saviour explains why.

Clinton Fernandes exposes the role of the so-called Jakarta Lobby – Australian officials whose policies supported the Indonesian military regime, and commentators who defend these policies in the public sphere. He argues that under their influence, the Howard government worked assiduously to support Indonesia’s occupation of East Timor, trying hard to prevent a ballot on independence. When the situation became untenable and Indonesia was forced to hold the ballot, the government worked to reduce international pressure on Indonesia.

Finally he reveals that it was only pressure from activists and the broader public which forced the Howard government to send in a peacekeeping force and reluctantly help East Timor to achieve independence.

‘an important new work . . . It debunks the fondly-held myth that the Government of the time urged and supported an independence referendum. It reminds us that the media must look behind such myth-making, and not forget the same Government has failed to push for the prosecution of the Indonesian perpetrators who are set to continue their handiwork in other areas of the Indonesian achipelago.’ — Peter Cronau, Pacific Journalism Review (see full review)

B53 Indonesia’s Secret War in Aceh

An eye-opening, firsthand account of Indonesia’s campaign of terror in Aceh.

Acclaimed journalist John Martinkus, whose first book, A Dirty Little War told the definitive story of East Timor’s passage to independence, provides a vivid, eyewitness account of the brutal war in Aceh. Like East Timor, Aceh wants independence but it is paying a terrible price, and since September 11 things have got much worse. This book gets inside a conflict. Includes a final chapter on institutionalized impunity, the legacy of East Timor and the reality of West Papua.

"Martinkus should be saluted for braving brutal consequences to tell us the price of Western, and Australian, tacit acceptance of a rapacious regional power. We can't say we weren't told." -- Antony Loewenstein, Sydney Morning Herald

The book "traces the immediate events that led to this military siege and the Acehnese people’s resistance to it. Martinkus has an easy-to-read style, relaying his personal experiences of travelling throughout Aceh to present an intimate portrayal of the daily plight faced by the Acehnese people." --Jon Lamb, GreenLeft Weekly

B67 Verandah of Violence: The Background to the Aceh Problem
Edited by Anthony Reid

This book offers a guide to the complexities of modern Aceh, a land dubbed "The Verandah of Mecca," as it moves toward peace and reconstruction. Verandah of Violence probes the underlying causes of the conflict that has pitted Aceh against Jakarta, explaining why the Acehnese entered the Indonesian republic in 1945 with an unparalleled determination to resist outside domination, and how these attitudes have shaped Aceh's relations with the Indonesian state.

In Indonesia's westernmost province of Aceh, the democratization process that began in Indonesia in 1998 encouraged the overt expression of regionalist sentiment and resentment of the military. The surprising extent of both feelings made Aceh, home to a long-standing independence movement, the next potential candidate after East Timor to break away from Indonesia, and led to harsh repressive measures by the military. The tsunami of December 2004 brought incalculable destruction and loss to Aceh. At the same time, it brought international sympathy and aid on an unprecedented scale, along with new pressures for peace. In August 2005, Indonesia and Aceh signed a peace agreement designed to put an end to the conflict. Authors include Isa Sulaiman, Edward Aspinall, William Nessen, Damien Kingsbury and Lesley McCulloch, Kirsten E. Schulze, Aleksius Jemadu.

B48 The Exception to the Rulers: Exposing Oily Politicians, War Profiteers, and the Media that Love Them
by Amy Goodman with David Goodman

The Exception to the Rulers is a fast-paced expose. Part first-person on-the-ground reporting, part old-fashioned muckraking, the book chronicles the struggles of what Amy Goodman calls, "the silenced majority."

"Amy Goodman has taken investigative journalism to new heights." —Noam Chomsky

From Publishers Weekly
Journalist and radio host Goodman brings her hard-hitting, no-holds-barred brand of reporting to an array of human rights, government accountability and media responsibility issues, and the result is bracing and timely.... A gadfly's life in these turbulent times is neither restful nor boring, and Goodman's perspective on events like genocidal massacres in East Timor and mainstream coverage of the Jessica Lynch rescue is both important and alarming.... How, she asks, could journalists "embedded" with U.S. troops in Iraq be objective reporters of all that was occurring there, and whose interests were being served? These and other provocative questions power Goodman's stirring call for a democratic media serving a democratic society.

About Amy Goodman
Amy Goodman began her career in community radio in 1985 at Pacifica Radio’s New York Station, WBAI. She produced WBAI’s Evening News for 10 years. In 1990 and 1991, Amy traveled to East Timor to report on the US-backed Indonesian occupation of East Timor. There, she and colleague Allan Nairn witnessed Indonesian soldiers gun down 270 East Timorese. Indonesian soldiers beat Amy and Allan, fracturing Allan’s skull. Their documentary, "Massacre: The Story of East Timor" won numerous awards, including the Robert F. Kennedy Prize for International Reporting, the Alfred I. DuPont-Columbia Silver Baton, the Armstrong Award, the Radio/Television News Directors Award, as well as awards from the Associated Press, United Press International, and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. In 1996, Amy helped launch Pacifica Radio’s Democracy Now!.

B54 West Papua and Indonesia since Suharto: Independence, Autonomy or Chaos?
by Peter King

In the 1950s, the people of West Papua (then Dutch New Guinea) were promised self-determination and eventual independence by their colonial masters. But in 1963 Indonesia took over the territory with the blessing of the United States, the United Nations, and Australia. This book reviews the long guerrilla struggle of the Organisasi Papua Merdeka (OPM) for a Free Papua and traces the rise of a non-violent independence movement alongside it - led by the Papua Council Presdium - following the fall of Indonesia's military dictator General Suharto in 1998.

Traveling extensively in West Papua and throughout Indonesia, Peter King has interviewed leading figures from the West Papuan Independence movement, church groups, and human rights NGOs. West Papua and Indonesia since Suharto places the current Papuan struggles in a context of failing Indonesian reform.

Peter King is a research associate in government and international relations at the University of Sydney.

"King argues passionately and persuasively that international intervention to resolve Papua’s plight is essential: Australia, the US and other countries must act in concert through the UN once more, as they did in East Timor. Indonesians must be persuaded that their best interests lie not in a ‘security approach’ but in dialogue and negotiation with the Papuans and other disenchanted minorities,"

B49 East Timor Testimony
Photographs by Elaine Briere with essays by Noam Chomsky, Charles Scheiner and others

Between the Lines (Canada) 2004. 128 pages, 64 duotones. $35.00
East Timor Testimony - Photos by Elaine Briere

THE PEOPLE OF EAST TIMOR HAVE endured the brutality of colonization and invasion, to emerge into the uncertain light of nationhood. At this point of transition, through stunning images and insightful texts, East Timor: Testimony presents the whole gamut of a people's history, culture, and aspirations. Nine authors -- among them renowned analyst Noam Chomsky, Constancio Pinto, Carmel Budiardjo and La'o Hamutuk staffers, including ETAN co-founder Charlie Scheiner -- have contributed original essays. Sixty-four of photographer Elaine Briere's eloquent photos, richly reproduced as duotones, form the core of this haunting, informative book.

"I want people to appreciate the resourcefulness and strength of the people of East Timor. They have resisted occupation for many decades, long before the Indonesia occupation (including Portuguese colonization and the Japanese invasion during the Second World War), though this was by far the most brutal. They have lost a whole generation of people and now have very young, inexperienced, though determined, people trying to establish strong economic, social, and educational institutions. It will take a couple of generations for this healing to take place.

"The West betrayed, and continues to betray, through its foreign policy, this tiny nation of people who want only what we in the West have: freedom and democracy. Indonesia remains a huge military threat. I wish to remind the world that East Timor is still out there - is still in our world - and that they have huge problems to solve. More foreign aid is required and peacekeeping troops are necessary to assure their continued independence. I wish to keep their history alive so that they will have the opportunity to rebuild and thrive." - Elaine Briere

ELAINE BRIERE is an internationally recognized photojournalist and filmmaker whose work has been exhibited in Canada, the United States, Europe, Australia, and Japan. Her 1997 film Bitter Paradise: The Sell-Out of East Timor won Best Political Documentary at the Toronto HOT DOCS! Festival in 1997. She lives in Vancouver.

From the days of the colonial Portuguese rule, through the tumultuous years of the Indonesian invasion, to the present day, this book is a disturbing portrayal of the complete failure of the international community to deal with the East Timor situation. With expert analysis and clarity of writing, James Dunn highlights the disturbing gap between the noble rhetoric and the heartless reality of our international commitment and resolve. More than the story of one tiny nation, East Timor reveals a great deal about 21st century world order and its weakness in relation to minorities and small states.

"I can hardly think of anyone other than James Dunn in a position to undertake a 'long duration' analysis of our recent history." - Xanana Gusmão, President, East Timor

For more than 30 years Dunn has worked in international relations, first as a defense analyst specializing in Indonesia, then as an Australian diplomat serving as consul in, then, Portuguese Timor. He has been a foreign affairs columnist, first with The Bulletin, and more recently as a regular columnist with the Fairfax newspapers. In 1999 he was awarded the ACFOA human rights award. In 2002 he was conferred the honor of Grande Official of the Order of Prince Henry by Dr Jorge Sampaio, the President of Portugal.

B47 - A Woman of Independence
by Kirsty Sword Gusmão

A Woman of Independence - Kirsty Sword Gusmao From her first visit to East Timor in 1990, Kirsty Sword fell in love with the country and its people and became determined to help them in their seemingly hopeless struggle for independence. Little did she know then where her passion for the cause would lead her.

Over the next decade, Kirsty worked as an undercover activist in Jakarta, becoming an increasingly valuable operative within the East Timorese independence movement. In 1994 her work brought her into contact with the jailed leader of the resistance movement, the charismatic Xanana Gusmão. Through their letters, smuggled in and out his prison, they fell in love. This unlikely but remarkable romance, no less passionate for their being so forcibly separated, was further tested when Kirsty was compelled to flee Indonesia one step ahead of its feared intelligence service. It was not until the fall of President Suharto and Xanana’s subsequent release from prison that Kirsty was finally reunited with the revered independence leader.

Working beside Xanana, Kirsty found herself at the very centre of the epic events that saw East Timor freed from Indonesian occupation: the vote for independence, the militia groups’ murderous rampage that followed, the intervention of Australian and international peacekeeping forces, and the slow and painful rebuilding of a devastated country. Today, the former guerrilla commander and the activist live together as president and first lady, with their two children, in a country where fear has been replaced by hope. A Woman of Independence is the story of an incredible love affair, and the passion and courage it takes to free a nation.

Kirsty Sword Gusmão was born in Bendigo, Victoria. She studied Indonesian at university, and later taught English in Jakarta as a cover for her work for the East Timorese resistance movement. She is married to Xanana Gusmão, now the president of East Timor, and has two young children.

Macmillan Australia. November 2003. 321 pp. $35

Reviews: Sydney Morning Herald; Courier Mail; Mercury
Profiles and Interviews of Kirsty Sword Gusmão: A Dutiful Life; Sydney Morning Herald

The Road to Freedom by Bishop Belo B40 - The Road to Freedom:
A Collection of Speeches, Pastoral Letters and Articles from 1997-2001
by Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, SDB

This collection of Nobel Laureate Bishop Belo's speeches and writings reveal his longing for East Timor to become a free and just society. They deal with reconciliation and refugees, health and human rights, democracy and the church. They are inspirational reading for anyone who shares Belo's belief that a nation might come to enshrine the best human qualities. Color photos.

Caritas Australia and the Centre for Peace and Development Studies - East Timor. 2001. 72 pp. $5 paperback.

B41 - Fighting Spirit of East Timor: The Life of Martinho da Costa Lopes
by Rowena Lennox

Martinho da Costa Lopes was the first Timorese leader of the East Timorese Catholic Church. After the Indonesian invasion of East Timor in 1975, he worked tirelessly to protect human rights. He was the first person to speak out publicly within East Timor about the abuses perpetrated by the occupation forces, which attracted criticism from the Indonesian government. Under pressure from the Vatican, he resigned from the position of Apostolic Administrator and left his country in 1983. He then traveled extensively, speaking and raising awareness about East Timor. He died in Portugal in 1991. His story is a unique and accessible behind-the-scenes account of East Timor.

Pluto Press/Zed. 2001. $22.50 paperback

B6 - Generations of Resistance: East Timor Photographs by Steve Cox, with a 45-page historical introduction by Peter Carey. Sixty pages of extraordinary photos of East Timor, including 8 in color of the Dili massacre. Cassell, UK, 1995. Large format, 120 pp. $39.50
	B26 - Inside Out East Timor By Ross Bird. A personal photographic account of daily life in East Timor before the 1999 destruction. For a preview of the book, go to www.rossbirdphotography.com.au 168 pp,130 photos. Herman Press, Australia. July 1999. $60 hardcover, $40 paper